1 point question
-Mention prokaryote characteristics
Prokaryote is a bacteria, and it doesn’t have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Prokaryotic DNA is found in a central part of the cell called the nucleoid. The cell wall of a prokaryote acts as an extra layer of protection, helps maintain cell shape, and prevents dehydration. The cell size ranges from 0.1 to 5.0 μm in diameter. The small size of prokaryotes allows quick entry and diffusion of ions and molecules to other parts of the cell while also allowing fast removal of waste products out of the cell.
-What are eukaryotes?
Eukaryotic cells are living things that contain nucleus. Most eukaryotic cells are larger than the cell of bacteria (prokaryotes). Eukaryotic cells are also appear most in some things that are alice such as plant animals humans and water. A eukaryote is an organism with a complex cell or cells, in which the genetic material is organized into a membrane-bound nucleus or nuclei. Eukaryotes also appear in animals, plants, and fungi—which are mostly multicellular.
2 point question
-Explain what do endoplasmic reticulum does?
Endoplasmic reticulum usually called as “ER” it’s connecter to the nuclear membrane. Inside the ER looks like a maze. There’s the Rough ER and the smooth ER. the endoplasmic reticulum an organelle found in eukaryotic cells.About 50% of the total membrane surface in an animal cell is provided by endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The organelle called ‘endoplasmic reticulum’ occurs in both plants and animals and is a very important manufacturing site for lipids (fats) and many proteins. The Smooth E.R. functions to drug detoxify, lipid synthesis, and manafacturing of membranes and products.. The Rough E.R. functions to transport many small objects to the Golgi apparatus which dissolves it or transports it out of the cell.
-Compare and contrast between prokaryotes and eukaryotes:
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus. Eukaryotescan be single-celled or multi-celled, such as you, me, plants, fungi, and insects. Bacteria are an example of prokaryotes. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle.
(a Picture from; diffen.com)
3 point question
- Why is it important for every living things; plants, animals etc. to have a nucleus?
The nucleus is a cell structure that contains DNA, and controls cellular growth and reproduction. Nucleus is really important for our body because it plays a big role to keep us alive and being able to grow through out our entire life. It's known that the nucleus also an important structure inside animal and plant cells. It is the main control center for the cell and acts kind of like the cell's brain. Only eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. In fact, the definition of a eukaryotic cell is that it contains a nucleus while a prokaryotic cell is defined as not having a nucleus.
- What is the purpose of membrane-bound organelles?
it allow the isolation and concentration of enzymes and reactants within a small space. This enables chemical reactions in a cell to occur faster and more efficient. Membrane-bound organelles can also protect it towards the harmful proteins and molecules from the rest of the cell.
4 point question
-Explain what will happen to our body when we don’t have cell membrane?
The cell membrane is essential to the life of the cell and without it, the cell dies. If all the cells in an organism suddenly die, the organism itself dies as well. The cell membrane provides several vital functions for the cell. Cell walls anchor the cytoplasm and hold the cell's shape. It is a selective, semipermeable membrane that allows the cell to maintain homeostasis by regulating what it allows into the cell. One of the characteristic of cell membrane is pliable because it can move and flex in response to the surrounding environment. and also allows the cell to survive in various environments. for example when our skin cell are exposed to the water for a long period of time such as in a bath, our fingers shrivel up because water is able to move through the cell membrane and exit the cell. The skin cell in our body didn't die, instead the flexible nature of their membrane allows them to survive and eventually return to normal. Aside from that it allow us to response to the surrounding environments and that'll help our daily life. Imagine when our body can't response to the surrounding environments. Our life isn't going to be as easy. as we all know, every living things including plants, animals, etc are made out of cells. and every cell, has their own cell membrane that is semipermeable. It also covers the surroundings of all cells. It’s called semipermeable because it works like a gate where it allows certain substances to pass through it, while it’s also prohibiting the passage of others. The membrane forms an outer boundary of the cell which can holds the cell together. It also help the cell to survive in various environment.
-Why do cell need to make protein? and how will it affected our body?
Cells need to make proteins. Enzymes made of proteins are used to help speed up biological processes. Proteins even make up most of your hair. When a cell needs to make proteins, it looks for ribosomes. The making of protein is directed by the genes on chromosomes inside the cell nucleus. Aside from that, it's really important for the cell (ribosome) to produce protein because as a human, Protein is an important component of every cell in the body. Hair and nails are mostly made of protein. Our body also uses protein to build and repair tissues. Protein also make enzymes, hormones, and other body chemicals. Protein is an important building block of bones, muscles, cartilage, skin, and blood. Along with fat and carbohydrates, protein is a "macronutrient," meaning that the body needs relatively large amounts of it.